On better understanding of dispersion-separation mechanism in internal oxidation of aluminum in Cu-Al alloy

The complicated procedure and the high cost of internal oxidation of aluminum in Cu-Al alloy have severely limited the widespread applications of high-quality copper strengthened by nanometer alumina through internal oxidation of aluminum in Cu-Al alloy. The better understanding of dispersion-separation mechanism in internal oxidation of aluminum in Cu-Al alloy can simplify the procedure and lower the cost. The thermodynamics of this internal oxidation and its kinetics were analyzed. The transition from internal oxidation to external oxidation was also illustrated. The transition point is very important, because when below the transition point, the internal oxidation can yield an optimum result: nanometer alumina is very small and in anywhere of the copper, and the properties including strength, conductivity, and etc. are very good.