In situ formed CuSn alloy from multivariate metal–organic frameworks for tunable CO₂ electroreduction

A molecular ligand separation method based on multivariate metal–organic frameworks (MOF) is developed to precisely regulate CuSn alloy for tuning the selectivity of HCOOH and CO in CO₂ reduction. With this method, the agglomeration and heterogeneous nucleations of metals are effectively inhibited during the in situ electrochemical transformation of CuSn-MOFs into highly pure CuSn alloy. The low Sn content favors CO production, while the high Sn concentration facilitates HCOOH formation.