Evaluation of measurement uncertainty of drop hammer impact test for composite materials

Future aircraft structures are usually dominated by composites, and one of the key defects and forms of damage to composite structures is the impact damage caused by low-energy (especially low-speed) foreign matter. This kind of low-energy impact test is usually completed by the drop hammer testing machine, so accurately assessing the impact test of the falling hammer completed in accordance with the standard test method, and the reliability of the permissible value of the impact performance of the objective reaction composite is of great significance to the future aircraft structure design. Taking a standard composite test piece as an example, considering the key factors in the whole process of impact test, a mathematical model is constructed, and the measurement uncertainty of different configuration composite test pieces of different configurations is calculated according to the test data, which provides a basis for aircraft structural design.