Bismuth Sulfide–Integrated Carbon Derived from Organic Ligands as a Superior Anode for Sodium Storage

Bismuth sulfide (Bi₂S₃) as a potential Na-storage material relies upon its special layered structure and high volumetric capacity. However, the electrochemical activity of pure Bi₂S₃ is greatly limited during the sodiation/desodiation process. The integration of Bi₂S₃ with reduced graphene and a particular carbon is explored to acquire active composite anodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). This special carbon is based on trimesic acid (H₃BTC) as a carbon source, which effectively prevents the aggregation of Bi₂S₃ particles in the synthesis process. Compared with other carbon sources, this type of carbon source is more likely to diffuse into the interior of the precursor hole. Hence, the Bi₂S₃/C indicates higher reversible capacities (368 and 314 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles and 200 cycles at 100 mA g⁻¹) than bare Bi₂S₃ or Bi₂S₃@RGO. Thus, Bi₂S₃/C is considered as a prospective electrode material for rechargeable batteries.