Analyzing the effects of reaction temperature on photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalytic water splitting under full-spectrum solar irradiation: An experimental and thermodynamic investigation

Photocatalysts currently in use are only able to utilize very small part of the solar spectrum that arrives at the earth's surface (mainly ultraviolet light). Most of the photons that are not absorbed by the photocatalysts are converted to heat. However, there is no consensus on the effect of reaction temperature on photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalysis, which has been studied herein using experimental investigations combined with thermodynamic analysis. An elaborate photo-thermo chemical reaction test rig was initially designed and set up that can test experimental variable while the other influence factors were kept constant. The effects of ultrasonic and operation temperature on Pt/TiO₂ particle cluster distribution during the photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalytic water splitting process were analyzed by an upright microscope for the first time. The results indicated that the H₂ production rate varies with reaction temperature, and 55 °C is the optimum temperature for the photo-thermo chemical synergetic catalytic water splitting process studied here. A maximum H₂ production rate of 11.934 mmol/(h g) could be achieved using a classical Pt/TiO₂ catalyst, when operating under the optimum reaction conditions.