Analysis of mmWave rectifiers with an accurate rectification model

This paper analyzes millimeter-wave (mmWave) rectifiers with a focus on achieving high RF-to-dc power conversion efficiency (PCE), based on an accurate rectification model. First, commercially available Schottky diodes are surveyed whose SPICE model parameters are listed. Recommendations are given for mmWave-targeted design. Second, a brief review of the state-of-the-arts mmWave rectifiers is conducted, where the highest reported PCE is 67%. To find the highest possible PCE in designing mmWave rectifiers, an accurate rectification model is employed. Contour maps of PCE and input impedance versus input power and load resistance are established for diode MA4E1317 at 35 and 94 GHz, from which the theoretical PCEs of 83.81% and 78.86% at input powers of 6.5 and 11.9 dBm are possible for 35 and 94 GHz rectifiers. Moreover, such contour maps are useful to application-oriented rectifier design.