基于HOA的圆柱腔低频声场重构

Sound field reproduction of the aircraft and submarine within a cabin mock-up using a loudspeaker array is of great importance to the active noise control technology. The conventional method is to calculate the driving functions of the secondary sources by solving an acoustic inverse problem in a least square sense, which requires a large number of microphones and only the sound field near the microphone array can be reproduced accurately. In order to overcome these drawbacks, higher order ambisonics (HOA) method which is widely used in spatial sound field synthesis for a large room is introduced to reproduce a low frequency sound field within a cylindrical cavity. Due to the different sound propagation characteristics within the cavity compared with a free field and a diffuse field, the Green function spectrum in spherical harmonics domain which is modeled as a superposition of the acoustic modes and the reproduction formulas are deduced. Reproduction characteristics are investigated by numerical simulations. Results show that for a small, the Green function spectrum in spherical harmonics domain is mainly concentrated on low orders and contributed by the low order acoustic modes, with the increase of, high order components of the Green function arise and the contributions of high order acoustic modes increase. In the reproduction process, the high order components of the pressure spectrum over the sphere in harmonics domain will be greatly amplified by the reproduction filter. Finally, HOA method is compared with the acoustic inversion method in terms of the microphone array system, the impact factors on the reproductions and the reproduction accuracy, and validated through experiments. Results show that HOA can better reproduce the entire sound field within the cylindrical cavity and the reproduction accuracy is improved.