基于广义 Burgers 方程的声爆传播特性大气湍流影响

Sonic boom is one of the key problems in the supersonic civil aircraft development. The current popular sonic boom prediction technology mainly functions for the static atmosphere，with little consideration of the dynamic effects such as atmospheric turbulence disturbance，resulting in a lack of efficient and high-fidelity prediction method. This paper establishes a set of rapid sonic boom prediction methods considering the physical effects of thermoviscous absorption and molecular relaxation，based on a far-field sonic boom prediction by solving the augmented Burgers equation and combining the ray tracing method. This method is then used to study the influence of atmospheric turbulence intensity and atmospheric turbulence boundary layer height on the sonic boom signatures of a typical long-range supersonic civil aircraft. The results show that the proposed prediction method can reasonably characterize the thermoviscous absorption and molecular relaxation. Compared with the previous prediction method，it can truly describe the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the propagation characteristics of sonic boom. Despite the higher complexity of the sonic boom waveform of the example used in this article than that of the previous typical supersonic business jets，this prediction method can still explain the influence of atmospheric turbulence in the complex wave system. As the turbulence intensity and the boundary layer height increase，the random influence of atmospheric turbulence on the characteristics of the sonic boom increases. Meanwhile，the location of the sonic boom arrival points also shows a more scattered trend，which may change the impact range of the sonic boom on the ground. Therefore，the turbulence intensity and turbulence boundary layer height should be considered in flight trajectory planning.