Systematic study on cutting force modelling methods for peripheral milling

This paper systematically studies the cutting force modelling methods in peripheral milling process in the presence of cutter runout. Emphasis is put on how to efficiently calibrate the cutting force coefficients and cutter runout. Mathematical derivations and implementation procedures are carried out based on the measured cutting force or its harmonics from Fourier transformation. Five methods are presented in detail. In the first three methods the cutting force coefficients are assumed to be constants whereas in the last two they are taken as functions of instantaneous uncut chip thickness. The first method and the fifth one are taken from literatures for comparison. The second, the third and the fourth methods are original contributions, which are carried out with optimization ideas. The second method proceeds using the first and Nkth harmonic forces as the source signal while the third and the fourth are derived based on the measured cutting forces and its first harmonics. The engagement of the cutter with the workpiece is considered in these three new calibration procedures without the requirement of a prior knowledge of the actual cutter runout. Comparisons among the calibrated results from different methods are made to study the limitations and consistency of the presented methods. Experiments are also conducted to show the prediction ability of all methods.