水 陆 两 栖 飞 机 着 水 试 验 与 理 论 分 析 方 法 研 究 进 展

Amphibious aircraft are multifunctional aircraft that can perform a variety of complex tasks such as ground surveillance，maritime rescue，and forest firefighting. Complex mission environment requires the amphibious aircraft to possess excellent water landing performance to cope with the demands of water takeoff，landing，and water taxiing. Therefore，water landing test and analysis methods to improve the design of amphibious aircraft are considered crucial to ensure the normal water operation and prevent catastrophic structural failures. This paper presents a systematic literature review of water landing test and related analysis methods for amphibious aircraft. Firstly，the development history and development trend of water landing structures such as amphibious aircraft，its hull-type lower fuselage and floats are introduced. Secondly，the material-level，component-level，structural-level and full-aircraft water landing tests as well as water load simulation tests for amphibious aircraft are introduced. Then，the theoretical analysis methods related to amphibious aircraft and the widely used simulation analysis methods are introduced. The water landing tests and related theoretical and numerical analysis methods for other aircraft are also reviewed. Finally，the development status of the water landing test and analysis methods for amphibious aircraft is summarized，and the technical challenges and possible future development directions of the water landing tests and analysis methods for amphibious aircraft are discussed.