基于伴随理论的大型客机气动优化设计研究进展

Large civil aircraft shows high cruise Mach number, complex interactive flow disturbance between components and difficult refined shape modification in the aerodynamic design. A huge workload is needed when the 'cut and try' technique is adopted in the aerodynamic design. The aerodynamic optimization method based on the high-fidelity simulation technique is able to solve this problem and gives valuable reference to the designers. This advantage makes the optimization technique based on high-fidelity simulation method become more significant in the aerodynamic design of civil aircraft. In this review, the key problems in the aerodynamic design of civil aircraft are summarized firstly. By comparing the gradient-based and gradient-free frameworks, we conclude that the gradient-based optimization design method is more suitable for the large-scale high-fidelity design optimization problems of the civil aircraft. Furthermore, the adjoint theory which used to solve the gradient is introduced in detail. Then, the developments of the aerodynamic shape optimization design method and multidisciplinary design optimization technology are analyzed. In the aspect of aerodynamic optimization of complex full configuration with multi-component and aircraft/engine integrated design are emphasized. Finally, the applications of adjoint method in the large civil aircraft are summarized and the future development trend of the large civil aircraft is also discussed.