TY - JOUR
T1 - Preparation and Properties of High-Temperature-Resistant, Lightweight, Flexible Polyimide Foams with Different Diamine Structures
AU - Yun, Shuhuan
AU - Sheng, Xianzhe
AU - Wang, Shengli
AU - Miao, Xing
AU - Shi, Xuetao
AU - Zhao, Yongsheng
AU - Qin, Jianbin
AU - Zhang, Guangcheng
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/6
Y1 - 2023/6
N2 - Polyimide foam (PIF) is a rising star in high-end applications such as aerospace thermal insulation and military sound absorption. However, the basic rule on molecular backbone design and uniform pore formation of PIF still need to be explored. In this work, polyester ammonium salt (PEAS) precursor powders are synthesized between alcoholysis ester of 3, 3′, 4, 4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDE) and aromatic diamines with different chain flexibility and conformation symmetry. Then, a standard “stepwise heating” thermo-foaming approach is used to prepare PIF with comprehensive properties. A rational thermo-foaming program is designed based on in situ observation of pore formation during heating. The fabricated PIFs have uniform pore structure, and PIFBTDA-PDA shows the smallest size (147 μm) and narrow distribution. Interestingly, PIFBTDA-PDA also presents a balanced strain recovery rate (SR = 91%) and mechanical robustness (0.051 MPa at 25% strain) and its pore structure maintains regularity after 10 compression–recovery cycles, mainly due to high rigidity of the chains. Furthermore, all the PIFs possess lightweight feature (15–20 kg∙m−3), good heat resistance (Tg at 270–340 °C), thermal stability (T5% at 480–530 °C), thermal insulation properties (λ = 0.046–0.053 W∙m−1K−1 at 20 °C, λ = 0.078–0.089 W∙m−1K−1 at 200 °C), and excellent flame retardancy (LOI > 40%). The reported monomer-mediated pore-structure control strategy can provide guidelines for the preparation of high-performance PIF and its industrial applications.
AB - Polyimide foam (PIF) is a rising star in high-end applications such as aerospace thermal insulation and military sound absorption. However, the basic rule on molecular backbone design and uniform pore formation of PIF still need to be explored. In this work, polyester ammonium salt (PEAS) precursor powders are synthesized between alcoholysis ester of 3, 3′, 4, 4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDE) and aromatic diamines with different chain flexibility and conformation symmetry. Then, a standard “stepwise heating” thermo-foaming approach is used to prepare PIF with comprehensive properties. A rational thermo-foaming program is designed based on in situ observation of pore formation during heating. The fabricated PIFs have uniform pore structure, and PIFBTDA-PDA shows the smallest size (147 μm) and narrow distribution. Interestingly, PIFBTDA-PDA also presents a balanced strain recovery rate (SR = 91%) and mechanical robustness (0.051 MPa at 25% strain) and its pore structure maintains regularity after 10 compression–recovery cycles, mainly due to high rigidity of the chains. Furthermore, all the PIFs possess lightweight feature (15–20 kg∙m−3), good heat resistance (Tg at 270–340 °C), thermal stability (T5% at 480–530 °C), thermal insulation properties (λ = 0.046–0.053 W∙m−1K−1 at 20 °C, λ = 0.078–0.089 W∙m−1K−1 at 200 °C), and excellent flame retardancy (LOI > 40%). The reported monomer-mediated pore-structure control strategy can provide guidelines for the preparation of high-performance PIF and its industrial applications.
KW - flame retardant
KW - molecular structures
KW - polyimide foams
KW - thermal insulation
KW - thermo-foaming
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163783242&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/polym15122609
DO - 10.3390/polym15122609
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:85163783242
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 15
JO - Polymers
JF - Polymers
IS - 12
M1 - 2609
ER -