TY - JOUR
T1 - Light-induced waveguide arrays in photorefractive crystals
AU - Zhang, Peng
AU - Zhao, Jianlin
AU - Yang, Dexing
AU - Ma, Yanghua
AU - Sun, Yidong
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Light-induced waveguide arrays pave a way to implement massive parallel and adaptive interconnection, and provide a fertile ground for investigating self-localized states, better known as discrete solitons. In this paper, creating planar and channel waveguide arrays by illuminations of two- or four-beam interference fields are investigated both theoretically and experimentally in LiNbO3:Fe, SBN:Cr, and KNSBN:Ce crystals. The distributions of refractive index changes induced by multi-beam interference fields with different orientations in various photorefractive crystals are numerically simulated. Employing illuminations of two-beam interference fields, planar waveguide arrays are experimentally demonstrated in an open circuit LiNbO3:Fe crystal and biased SBN:Cr and KNSBN:Ce crystals. An approach for fabricating channel waveguide arrays by employing illuminations of two-beam interference fields is presented. By fabricating a square and a rectangular channel waveguide arrays in a LiNbO3:Fe crystal this approach is experimentally demonstrated. Creating channel waveguide arrays using four-beam interference fields with different orientations are also performed in the three kinds of crystals. The index profiles of the light-induced waveguide arrays are measured employing the intcrferometric method or the digital holography. The near field patterns, diffraction patterns and the guiding test results show that the waveguide arrays are successfully fabricated.
AB - Light-induced waveguide arrays pave a way to implement massive parallel and adaptive interconnection, and provide a fertile ground for investigating self-localized states, better known as discrete solitons. In this paper, creating planar and channel waveguide arrays by illuminations of two- or four-beam interference fields are investigated both theoretically and experimentally in LiNbO3:Fe, SBN:Cr, and KNSBN:Ce crystals. The distributions of refractive index changes induced by multi-beam interference fields with different orientations in various photorefractive crystals are numerically simulated. Employing illuminations of two-beam interference fields, planar waveguide arrays are experimentally demonstrated in an open circuit LiNbO3:Fe crystal and biased SBN:Cr and KNSBN:Ce crystals. An approach for fabricating channel waveguide arrays by employing illuminations of two-beam interference fields is presented. By fabricating a square and a rectangular channel waveguide arrays in a LiNbO3:Fe crystal this approach is experimentally demonstrated. Creating channel waveguide arrays using four-beam interference fields with different orientations are also performed in the three kinds of crystals. The index profiles of the light-induced waveguide arrays are measured employing the intcrferometric method or the digital holography. The near field patterns, diffraction patterns and the guiding test results show that the waveguide arrays are successfully fabricated.
KW - Beam interference
KW - Light-induced index changes
KW - Photorefractive crystal
KW - Waveguide array
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33645136737&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/12.667861
DO - 10.1117/12.667861
M3 - 会议文章
AN - SCOPUS:33645136737
SN - 0277-786X
VL - 6032
JO - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
M1 - 60320E
T2 - ICO20: MEMS, MOEMS, and NEMS
Y2 - 21 August 2005 through 26 August 2005
ER -