Design and Synthesis of Polycyclic DFP-based Low-sensitivity Energetic Materials with Excellent Thermal Stability

The development of new energetic materials with high energy, low sensitivity, and high thermal stability is always desirable. In this study, a series of tetrazole-linked 4,8-dihydrodifurazano[3,4-b,e]pyrazine (DFP) based energetic salts have been synthesized and fully characterized. The as-synthesized energetic salts exhibited excellent comprehensive performances in terms of high decomposition temperature (T _d>260 ℃), low mechanical sensitivity (IS≥20 J and FS≥360 N), and high detonation velocity (D>8800 m•s^-1). Notably, the thermal decomposition temperature of di(aminoguanidinium)-4,8-di(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-difurazano[3,4-b,e] pyrazine(compound 4e) is up to 314 ℃, while its detonation velocity and impact sensitivity are highly desirable with the values of 9005 m•s^-1 and 25 J, respectively. Overall, these novel energetic compounds have shown their great-potential as insensitive high-energy-density materials.