基于 Markov 过程的卫星星座备份策略研究

In response to the issue of reducing satellite constellation backup costs while meeting constellation avail⁃ ability target，it is the hot issue in current research. In this paper，the impact of different spare strategies on the per⁃ formance of a low earth orbit（LEO）satellite constellation are studied and the best spare strategy that takes into ac⁃ count both the performance and economic efficiency of the constellation is selected. First and foremost，a constella⁃ tion availability model with degraded operation is developed. Secondly，the Markov process is used to solve this model. Last but not least，the availability of the constellation with different spare strategies at different constellation levels is calculated based on the operation data of a real LEO satellite constellation. The results show that deploying two backup satellites in each orbit can make the constellation with the lowest spare cost while meeting the availabili⁃ ty target. The spare strategy proposed in this paper has a certain reference value for the construction of LEO satel⁃ lite constellations and can provide guidance for the accurate configuration of spare satellites with reasonable cost re⁃ duction.