光伏功率均衡器拓扑综述

To achieve the target of carbon neutrality, renewable energy power generation represented by photovoltaic (PV) power generation has become an important means. PV power generation systems usually require multiple PV modules to be connected in series to obtain a high output voltage. However, in series-connected PV modules, the mismatch of component characteristics due to partial shading or different degrees of aging of components will cause a serious loss of power generation. Therefore, many technical schemes have been proposed to solve this problem. The PV equalizer has become a promising solution, and it uses a power electronic converter to transfer the mismatched power and change the operating point of the component to obtain the maximum output power. First, the basic concepts and principles of PV equalizers are elaborated, then, the PV-bus, PV-PV and other special types of PV equalizers topologies are introduces in detail. In addition, a comparison and analysis of the paremeters and performance of the existing PV equalizer topologies is performed. Finally, the topological structures of PV equalizers are summarized and evaluated, providing a reference for engineers and practitioners in this field.