Target localization using time delay and Doppler shift by compensating the motion effect

This paper considers active localization of a stationary target using time delay or together with Doppler shift measurements obtained by moving sensors. Non-negligible sensor motion effect occurs in the localization system when the dynamic monostatic sensors send and receive signals during its motion. The proposed new accurate models for time delay and Doppler shift are able to make up the sensor motion effect. Closed-form solutions when ignoring the sensor motion of the proposed models are derived to give an approximate position estimate. The solutions are further refined by the proposed models and Taylor series linearization to remove the effect caused by sensor motion. The simulations show that the refined solutions can increase the localization performance efficiently and the accuracy can reach the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB).