Promotion effects of potassium on the activity and selectivity of Pt/zeolite catalysts for reverse water gas shift reaction

Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to CO by reverse water gas shift reaction plays a vital role in the recycling of the abundant carbon source. Here, the reaction over a series of zeolite L-supported platinum catalysts was systematically investigated to study the promoting role of potassium. The results of activity tests showed that controlled addition of potassium promoter to Pt/L catalyst was beneficial for the catalytic activity and selectivity. It was observed that cage encapsulation by zeolite pores could stabilize Pt nano-particles even at severe reaction conditions. Furthermore, X-ray absorption near edge structure and X-ray photoelectron spectra results demonstrated that the chemical state of platinum was altered by the additional potassium promoter, providing evidence for the formation of Pt-O(OH)-K interfacial sites. Thereafter, the Pt-O(OH)-K interfaces, acting as main active sites to adsorb CO₂ and produce bridge-bonded formate intermediates, were identified by a set of in-situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and microcalorimetry measurements. This finding provides new insights into the use of a variety of zeolite as carriers for highly dispersed noble metal in catalytic CO₂ reduction.