Preparation and optoelectronic applications of two-dimensional nanocrystals based on metallo-porphyrins

Metalloporphyrins are a class of metal-organic complexes that exhibit a wide range of interesting properties with prosperous applications in photoelectric conversion devices, catalysis, sensors and medicines. Besides inorganic two-dimensional (2D) materials (e.g., graphene and transitional metal dichalcogenide nanosheets), two-dimensional metal-organic nanosheets have also attracted considerable attention in recent years as interesting materials. Based on the rapid progress of two-dimensional metal-organic and porphyrinoid nanomaterials, this review aims to provide a brief review of the history of two-dimensional metal- organic nanomaterials, followed by a detailed summary of the synthetic methods used to prepare free-standing 2D nanosheets as well as 2D thin film of metalloporphyrins. We have also provided an up-to-date review of the applications of these materials in solar cells, photo- and electric catalysts as well as optical sensors, and a discussion pertaining to the problems associated with the synthesis, properties, and possible applications of metalloporphyrin 2D materials.