Multi-Channel Based Sybil Attack Detection in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Using RSSI

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) bring many benefits and conveniences to road safety and drive comfort in future transportation systems. However, VANETs suffer from almost all security issues as same as wireless networks. Sybil attack is one of the most risky threats since it violates the fundamental assumption of VANETs-based applications that all received information are correct and trusted. Sybil attacker can generate multiple fake identities to disseminate false messages. In this paper, we propose a novel Sybil attack detection method based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Voiceprint, to conduct a widely applicable, lightweight and full-distributed detection for VANETs. Unlike most of previous RSSI-based methods that compute the absolute position or relative distance according to RSSI values, or make statistic testing based on RSSI distributions, Voiceprint adopts RSSI time series as the vehicular speech and compares the similarity among all received series. Voiceprint does not rely on any predefined radio propagation model, and conducts independent detection without support of the centralized node. Moreover, we improve Voiceprint by allowing it to conduct detection on Service Channel (SCH) to shorten observation time. Furthermore, we extend Voiceprint with change-points detection to identify those illegitimate nodes performing power control. Extensive simulations and real-world experiments demonstrate that Voiceprint is an effective method considering the cost, complexity, and performance.