Matrix Autoregressive Model for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

For anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery, the scene can be treated as a combination of the background and the anomalies. Once a pure background hyperspectral image (HSI) is obtained, the anomalies can be easily located. In this article, we detect the anomalies via a matrix autoregressive model (MARM) to reconstruct the background HSI. Specifically, some informative and discriminative bands are first selected and come into a new HSI with less bands. Second, the new HSI can be treated as a collection of profiles in the row direction. Based on this, the background can be regularly reconstructed via the MARM. The regressive model not only respects the original matrix structure in the row profiles but also utilizes both the spatial and spectral correlations for the detection process. Finally, the classical Reed Xiaoli detector is applied to the difference cube between the band-selected HSI and the HSI reconstructed by MARM, achieving a final detection map with higher accuracy. Experimental results and data analysis on four different sensors captured datasets with different resolutions have validated the effectiveness of the proposed method.