TY - JOUR
T1 - Fracture Strength and Osseointegration of an Ultrafine-Grained Titanium Mini Dental Implant after Macromorphology Optimization
AU - Wu, Yulu
AU - Feng, Fan
AU - Xin, Haitao
AU - Li, Kai
AU - Tang, Zhongbin
AU - Guo, Yazhou
AU - Qin, Dongyang
AU - An, Baili
AU - Diao, Xiaoou
AU - Dou, Chenyun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2019/8/12
Y1 - 2019/8/12
N2 - The aim of this in vitro and in vivo study was to evaluate the fracture strength and osseointegration of an ultrafine-grained pure titanium (UFG-Ti) mini dental implant, prepared by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) after macro-morphology optimization. UFG-Ti was prepared by ECAP using four passes in route Bc with the internal channel angle of 120° at room temperature. Furthermore, its microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. In optimization, a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) composed of an UFG-Ti mini implant and alveolar bone was established to improve the implant surface area and decrease the stress distribution. Then, optimized mini implants were fabricated using UFG-Ti, and a fracture strength test was performed. For the in vivo study, UFG-Ti mini implants were inserted into rabbit femurs. A histological assessment and a pull-out test were performed to evaluate its osseointegration ability. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength of UFG-Ti (685 ± 35 MPa) was significantly higher than that of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti grade 4, 454 ± 27 MPa). After optimization, the surface area of the 2.5 mm diameter mini implant was 19% higher than that of the standard-thread mini implant, and the maximum equivalent stress (Max EQV stress) decreased by 28% in cortical bone and by 33.1% in cancellous bone, when the thread height was 0.3 mm and the pitch was 0.67 mm. The fracture strength of the UFG-Ti mini implants (328 ± 21 N) was significantly higher than that of CP-Ti grade 4 mini implants (197 ± 11 N). The in vivo study showed favorable osseointegration in both the UFG-Ti and CP-Ti groups, but the osseointegration strength of the optimized mini implants was higher than that of the standard-thread mini implants. In conclusion, the fracture and osseointegration strength had been significantly improved for UFG-Ti mini dental implant after optimization. The excellent mechanical properties and osseointegration of the UFG-Ti mini implant suggest its feasibility for clinical application.
AB - The aim of this in vitro and in vivo study was to evaluate the fracture strength and osseointegration of an ultrafine-grained pure titanium (UFG-Ti) mini dental implant, prepared by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) after macro-morphology optimization. UFG-Ti was prepared by ECAP using four passes in route Bc with the internal channel angle of 120° at room temperature. Furthermore, its microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. In optimization, a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) composed of an UFG-Ti mini implant and alveolar bone was established to improve the implant surface area and decrease the stress distribution. Then, optimized mini implants were fabricated using UFG-Ti, and a fracture strength test was performed. For the in vivo study, UFG-Ti mini implants were inserted into rabbit femurs. A histological assessment and a pull-out test were performed to evaluate its osseointegration ability. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength of UFG-Ti (685 ± 35 MPa) was significantly higher than that of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti grade 4, 454 ± 27 MPa). After optimization, the surface area of the 2.5 mm diameter mini implant was 19% higher than that of the standard-thread mini implant, and the maximum equivalent stress (Max EQV stress) decreased by 28% in cortical bone and by 33.1% in cancellous bone, when the thread height was 0.3 mm and the pitch was 0.67 mm. The fracture strength of the UFG-Ti mini implants (328 ± 21 N) was significantly higher than that of CP-Ti grade 4 mini implants (197 ± 11 N). The in vivo study showed favorable osseointegration in both the UFG-Ti and CP-Ti groups, but the osseointegration strength of the optimized mini implants was higher than that of the standard-thread mini implants. In conclusion, the fracture and osseointegration strength had been significantly improved for UFG-Ti mini dental implant after optimization. The excellent mechanical properties and osseointegration of the UFG-Ti mini implant suggest its feasibility for clinical application.
KW - fracture strength
KW - mini dental implant
KW - morphology optimization
KW - osseointegration
KW - ultrafine-grained pure titanium
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071367032&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00406
DO - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00406
M3 - 文章
C2 - 33448813
AN - SCOPUS:85071367032
SN - 2373-9878
VL - 5
SP - 4122
EP - 4130
JO - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering
JF - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering
IS - 8
ER -