Experimental studies on the multistage constant modulus array for the estimation of directions-of-arrival

The performance of the multistage Constant Modulus (CM) array, one of the most striking blind beamforming algorithms, for the source Directions-of-Arrival (DOAs) estimation was analyzed via the computer simulations and the water tank experiments, and was compared to that of other DOA estimation algorithms including the non-blind and the blind. Firstly, a nominal array model and an array model with gain and phase perturbations were established, respectively. Secondly, the multistage CM array algorithm was described and computer simulations were conducted. Simulation results show that the multistage CM array can correctly estimate the DOA at the same time when the sources are blindly recovered, and the angle separation ability of the algorithm is beyond the Rayleigh limit. By changing the variance of the array model error, it was also verified that the multistage CM array is more robust to the errors than some other algorithms. Finally, the water tank experiments and data processing results were provided. Situations with different array sizes and source angular separations were considered. It is shown that the results were in good agreement with computer simulations. Results of computer simulations and water tank experiments verifies that the DOA of the multiple independent sources can be blindly and robustly estimated with the multistage CM array.