TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Variations in the Tragus Expansion Angle on Users’ Comfort for In-ear Wearables
AU - Fan, Hao
AU - Wang, Mengcheng
AU - Zhao, Xiao
AU - Ren, Yihui
AU - Chen, Chen
AU - Dou, Yunjie
AU - Shi, Jinlei
AU - Chen, Dengkai
AU - Harris-Adamson, Carisa
AU - Chai, Chunlei
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Tragus expansion angle (TEA) is an angular variable that quantifies the degree of outward expansion of the tragus cartilage induced by in-ear wearables worn in the human ear. However, the TEA cannot be measured directly, and the mechanism that explains how expansion variations affect users’ comfort experience is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to establish a quantitative relationship between variations in the tragus expansion angle and users’ comfort experience. TEA was measured on 400 healthy participants and normalized using a measuring device (ATMC prototype) and Tragus Expansion Index (TEI). Our results show that the comfort range across variations in TEA was similar for both sexes, yet compared to females, males could tolerate larger variations both in TEA and TEI. A quantitative relationship was established using TEI values, (dis)comfort ratings and GaussAmp function, which can be employed for ergonomic design purposes.
AB - Tragus expansion angle (TEA) is an angular variable that quantifies the degree of outward expansion of the tragus cartilage induced by in-ear wearables worn in the human ear. However, the TEA cannot be measured directly, and the mechanism that explains how expansion variations affect users’ comfort experience is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to establish a quantitative relationship between variations in the tragus expansion angle and users’ comfort experience. TEA was measured on 400 healthy participants and normalized using a measuring device (ATMC prototype) and Tragus Expansion Index (TEI). Our results show that the comfort range across variations in TEA was similar for both sexes, yet compared to females, males could tolerate larger variations both in TEA and TEI. A quantitative relationship was established using TEI values, (dis)comfort ratings and GaussAmp function, which can be employed for ergonomic design purposes.
KW - 3D anthropometry
KW - ear canal
KW - ergonomic design
KW - human ear
KW - in-ear wearables
KW - tragus expansion angle
KW - users’ comfort
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85190955574&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/21695067231192616
DO - 10.1177/21695067231192616
M3 - 会议文章
AN - SCOPUS:85190955574
SN - 1071-1813
VL - 67
SP - 877
EP - 883
JO - Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
JF - Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
IS - 1
T2 - 67th International Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, HFES 2023
Y2 - 23 October 2023 through 27 October 2023
ER -
