Blind watermarking scheme for 3D mesh models in transformed domain using fixed spectra

In order to solve the problem that the spectral basis was uncertain in transformed domain based on watermarking algorithms for 3D mesh models, the proposed watermarking algorithm produced fixed spectral basis using the dual graph derived from the mesh topology. A group of geometric invariant values was chosen as watermark covering data and projected onto fixed spectral basis. Watermarking signal was hidden into low frequency coefficients by their linear relations, and original mesh data were not needed when extracting watermark. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can resist translating, rotating, uniformed scaling, and show robustness against mesh geometric compressing and noise with low intensity.