A new multi-layer performance analysis of unmanned system-of-systems within IoT

Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled unmanned system-of-systems (USoS) is vital in disaster management, rescue operations, and military missions. However, research on performance loss and improvement strategies of USoS under multiple shocks has been limited. Thus, evaluating performance loss and developing improvement strategies for USoS is critical to boosting mission capability and efficiency. This paper presents a multi-layer performance analysis method for USoS within the IoT framework. Firstly, we established a multi-layer USoS structure, dividing it into physical, communication, and command layers to address variable performance and mission baselines. Secondly, an USoS performance loss model is established based on the degradation-threshold-shock models and the signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio to enhance USoS performance evaluation accuracy. Thirdly, performance improvement strategies of USoS are proposed by combining the observe, orient, decide, and act (OODA) loop with the minimum cost maximum flow theory to optimize resource allocation and reconfigure emergency links. Finally, a sea-air collaborative USoS serves as a case study to validate the efficacy of the proposed method, showing significant post-implementation performance gains, and offering a reference for mitigating performance loss and enhancing reliability during multiple shocks.