折 纸 超 材 料 及 其 在 航 空 航 天 领 域 的 应 用 与 展 望

With the rapid development of aerospace technology，the demands for the structure，performance，and functionality of future spacecraft are becoming increasingly stringent. The design of lightweight，high-strength materials with multifunctionality and multimodal capabilities has become a key requirement. Origami metamaterials，with their unique geometric designs and mechanical properties，have become a research hotspot in the field of aerospace. They are characterized by reconfigurability，multi-stability，and energy absorption. Combined with modern mathematical modeling and material science，these materials achieve adjustable deformation，lightweight，easy deployment and re- traction through precise folding structures. In the field of aerospace，origami metamaterials are not only applied to de- ployable structures such as antennas and solar panels but also show potential in shock absorption，energy absorption，and protection. The programmable geometric characteristics of origami metamaterials endow spacecraft with the ability to adapt to deformation，capable of dealing with external pressures and temperature changes in the space environ- ment，enhancing structural reliability and lifespan，and effectively reducing launch costs. This paper reviews the char- acteristics，design methods，manufacturing techniques，and applications of origami metamaterials，and discusses their development trends and future research directions in aerospace.