Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks derived ZnS/Co₃S₄ composite nanoparticles doping on polyhedral carbon framework for efficient lithium/sodium storage anode materials

High-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion battery (SIBs) anode materials Co₃S₄–ZnS/NC are prepared by carbonization and subsequent sulfidation using Co, Zn-based zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF) as a precursor. ZnS and Co₃S₄ in-situ doping on polyhedral carbon framework, which enhances the conductivity and can buffer the volume expansion during the cycle and improve the kinetics. When Co₃S₄–ZnS/NC use as an anode material for LIBs, which can deliver reversible capacity 750 mA h g⁻¹ after 200 cycles at current density of 1 A g⁻¹. It also exhibits excellent sodium storage, with capacities remaining 316.5 mA h g⁻¹, after 1000 cycles at current density of 1 A g⁻¹. Compared with pure ZnS/NC and Co₃S₄/NC electrode, the Co₃S₄–ZnS/NC electrode also exhibits enhanced rate performance in both Li/Na storage. This excellent performance may be due to the following factors. (a) The polyhedral carbon skeleton makes the composites has superior conductivity and excellent structural stability. (b) The large specific surface area and porous structure can make the electrolyte fully infiltrate the electrode. (c) The high capacitance contribution gives the composite excellent Li/Na storage performance, especially at high current density. These results reveal the potential application prospects of Co₃S₄–ZnS/NC in high performance LIBs and SIBs.