Wearable fabrics against ultra-broadband electromagnetic interference

Broadband electromagnetic interference (EMI) poses multifaceted health risks to clinicians, necessitating wearable shielding materials. A critical challenge persists: the ultra-long wavelengths of low-frequency EMI demand shielding thicknesses that far exceed practical limits for wearable materials. Herein, we engineer dual-shelled EMI shielding composites via homogenization/recrystallization annealing, which not only hierarchically modulates built-in electric fields, minimizing electron migration resistance while preserving interfacial polarization, but also achieves a cascaded magnetization optimization through unpaired atoms, magnetic domain refinement, exchange coupling, and long-range magnetic coupling. The optimized architecture yields an ultra-broadband shielding (100 kHz–3 GHz) with record effectiveness (99.9 dB at 100 kHz). Roll coated onto textiles, the composite attenuates EMI-induced neural damage, validated through almost unchanged cell viability compared to a control in in vitro assays based on HT-22 cells. By integrating material design, mechanistic insights, prototype development, and biological efficacy, this work establishes a blueprint for the next-generation development of electromagnetic protective materials.