Thermal contact of roughness macro and micro model to reveal seal leakage mechanism under mixed lubrication

Research on numerical methods for reciprocating seals, including revealing leakage rate mechanism under the elastic-hydraulic lubrication (EHL) regime are mature. However, micro convex bodies contact behaviors and their effect on lubrication transition mechanism are still used under the mixed lubrication (ML) and wear model insufficiently. Seal model with micro convex bodies deformation should be updated to reflect the lubrication transition from EHL to ML and reveal leakage failure mechanism. Reciprocating speed ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.2 m/s and working pressure of 100 MPa can characterize the seal performance and failure of leakage mechanism especially in low speed and harsh film formation condition. The updated leakage rate formula and the Reynolds equation are modified considering contact factor and reveal leakage mechanism through macro and micro numerical method.