The whole bone mechanical properties and modeling study

Bone, as a load-bearing organ of the human body, has excellent mechanical properties, which are determined by its special structural composition. Bone tissue is functionally adaptive and can adjust its structure and mass distribution to its surrounding mechanical environment through bone remodeling. Modeling and analysis of bone are the procedures to study bone’s orthogonal property and analyze and model the complex structures at both macro and micro levels in the field of applied biomechanics. Three-dimensional bone modeling can be accomplished via different software packages, including image processing software for 3D design and modeling. In this chapter, we examine bone fracture by initiating a crack on the body of the femur using extended finite element method (XFEM) and crack growth using the finite element method (FEM), followed by stress and deformation analysis. We also present advances in the study of the mechanical property of bone and describe the application of 3D bone modeling techniques, FEM, biomimetic methods, representative volume element (RVE), and other methods in bone biomechanical studies.