Solid State Welding for Fabricating Metallic Parts and Structures

Solid state welding (SSW) has shown great potential for joining various similar and dissimilar material combinations because of the low heat input conditions (i.e., welding temperature remains less than the melting point of parent materials). SSW offers the best joint quality (i.e., joint strength) in comparison to fusion welding processes. SSW allows designers to select different grades of non-ferrous alloys, which are difficult in case of fusion welding. Researchers have demonstrated various dissimilar materials combinations (Al–Cu, Al–Mg, Al–Ti, Al–Steel, Cu–Steel, etc.) using SSW. In SSW, the weld is mainly obtained through plastic deformation of parent metals by means of different forms of energies. The present article aims to discuss the benefits of SSW and different SSW processes such as friction welding, friction stir welding, ultrasonic welding, explosion welding, and diffusion bonding.