SMMDA: Predicting miRNA-Disease Associations by Incorporating Multiple Similarity Profiles and a Novel Disease Representation

Increasing evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are significant in research on human diseases. Predicting possible associations between miRNAs and diseases would provide new perspectives on disease diagnosis, pathogenesis, and gene therapy. However, considering the intrinsic time-consuming and expensive cost of traditional Vitro studies, there is an urgent need for a computational approach that would allow researchers to identify potential associations between miRNAs and diseases for further research. In this paper, we presented a novel computational method called SMMDA to predict potential miRNA-disease associations. In particular, SMMDA first utilized a new disease representation method (MeSHHeading2vec) based on the network embedding algorithm and then fused it with Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity information of miRNAs and diseases, disease semantic similarity, and miRNA functional similarity. Secondly, SMMDA utilized a deep auto-coder network to transform the original features further to achieve a better feature representation. Finally, the ensemble learning model, XGBoost, was used as the underlying training and prediction method for SMMDA. In the results, SMMDA acquired a mean accuracy of 86.68% with a standard deviation of 0.42% and a mean AUC of 94.07% with a standard deviation of 0.23%, outperforming many previous works. Moreover, we also compared the predictive ability of SMMDA with different classifiers and different feature descriptors. In the case studies of three common Human diseases, the top 50 candidate miRNAs have 47 (esophageal neoplasms), 48 (breast neoplasms), and 48 (colon neoplasms) are successfully verified by two other databases. The experimental results proved that SMMDA has a reliable prediction ability in predicting potential miRNA-disease associations. Therefore, it is anticipated that SMMDA could be an effective tool for biomedical researchers.