Simplified unified wave-particle method with quantified model-competition mechanism for numerical calculation of multiscale flows

A quantified model-competition (QMC) mechanism for multiscale flows is extracted from the integral (analytical) solution of the Boltzmann-BGK model equation. In the QMC mechanism, the weight of the rarefied model and the weight of the continuum (aerodynamic and hydrodynamic) model are quantified. Then, a simplified unified wave-particle method (SUWP) is constructed based on the QMC mechanism. In the SUWP, the stochastic particle method and the continuum Navier-Stokes method are combined together. Their weights are determined by the QMC mechanism quantitatively in every discrete cell of the computational domain. The validity and accuracy of the present numerical method are examined using a series of test cases including the high nonequilibrium shock wave structure case, the unsteady Sod shock-tube case with a wide range of Kn number, the hypersonic flow around the circular cylinder from the free-molecular regime to the near continuum regime, and the viscous boundary layer case. In the construction process of the present method, an antidissipation effect in the continuum mechanism is also discussed.