Property-structure relationship of titania ionic liquid nanofluids

A series of the TiO₂-ionic liquid nanofluids through surface modification by varying its molecular structure were synthesized. First, the different quaternary ammonium salts with silanol groups were grafted on TiO ₂ nanoparticles through hydroxyl groups. Then, the anion C ₉H₁₉-C₆H₄-(OCH₂CH ₂)₂₀(CH₂)₃SO₃- replaced the chloride in an ion-exchange process. Three kinds of synthesized TiO ₂-ionic liquid nanofluids showed liquid-like behaviors without solvent, and their structures and properties were characterized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rheology meter. The property-structure relationship was obtained and further analyzed.