Numerical simulation of the convection during ACRT

The water convection in the crucible during ACRT process is simulated with numerical method. It is shown that when the crucible is accelerated, a counterclockwise flow appears near the axis and the bottom of the crucible, and when the crucible is decelerated, a clockwise flow appears near the wall and the bottom of the crucible. They appear, develop, and decline alternatively. The numerical trace of the marked particles is compared with that of water simulation experiment. When the crucible rotates at a constant speed, the shape of the calculated free surface is very close to that predicted by the theoretical formula, which proves that the treatment to the free surface is correct.