Numerical Calculation of Electromagnetic Shaping for Liquid Metal

The influences of electromagnetic pressure, surface tension and static pressure on shape of liquid metal by electromagnetic shaping were investigated. The magnetic fields and electromagnetic pressures in the cylindric and rectangular coils for electromagnetic shaping of liquid metal were computed. The results show that it needs 1 500 - 2 000 A electric current to hold 30 -40 mm liquid level for liquid aluminum or 15-20 mm liquid level for liquid steel. The shape of the computed iso-magnetic density flux line in the rectangular coil is in agreement with not only the measured shape reported in reference, but also the shape of the sample by electromagnetic shaping reported in reference. As the diameter of the sample is larger than 10 mm, the surface tension of liquid aluminum, compared with the static pressure produced by 30 mm high liquid aluminum and the electromagnetic pressure which holds it, can be ignored. To ignore the surface tension of liquid steel, the diameter should be less than 10 mm. According to variation principle, the liquid metal shape by electromagnetic shaping was analysed and the stability conditions for electromagnetic shaping were obtained. The complex shape of sample by electromagnetic shaping on solidification interface was proposed and some factors which affect the complex shape were presented.