Numerical analysis and optimization on flow distribution and heat transfer of a U-type parallel channel heat sink

The issue of uniform flow distribution has recently received growing attention for heat sinks design. In order to improve the flow uniformity and heat transfer capacity of a U-type heat sink, a multiobjective optimization design is presented based on the orthogonal experiment design method. Therefore, a computational fluid dynamics model is established, and then the flow fields and temperature fields are investigated.The results show that the distribution of the fluid into each parallel channel not only is a function of the flow conditions in the header but also is affected by the geometric size of the header and the parallel channels and that the optimum U-type heat sink based on orthogonal experiment design method can give uniform flow distribution.