Mean Field Game Applications in Ultra-Dense 5G, 6G, and Beyond Wireless Networks

Ultra-dense networks (UDNs) are networks with high number of interacting communication devices and/or equipment per coverage area. The advantages of implementing UDNs are high network capacity, advanced interference management, frequency reuse, and prevalent line-of-sight (LOS) transmissions. Meanwhile, the challenges in UDNs include interference management, energy efficiency, and scheduling. Recently, mean-field game (MFG) theory has been introduced in the economics and engineering literature to study the strategic decision making of large number of symmetric, indistinguishable, and negligible interacting agents. In this chapter, three case studies are presented to demonstrate how MFG was utilized in addressing the challenges in ultra-dense wireless networks and improving their performance.