Magnetic Controllable Carbon Nanofibers: An Electromagnetic Synergistic Enhanced Microwave Absorption Mechanism

Herein, we report a novel electromagnetic synergistic microwave absorption material (MCNFs). It exhibits excellent microwave absorption properties. The preparation of magnetic tunable MCNFs-X (X = 1.5, 3, and 5) is achieved by confined self-condensation technology, a solvent thermal method, and a pyrolysis process. The structure-activity relationship and microwave absorption mechanism were clarified. The results indicate that due to the complementary dielectric/magnetic loss mechanisms, rich heterogeneous interfaces, and desirable conductive networks, MCNFs exhibit a strong reflection loss (RL = −51.0 dB@11.8 GHz) and a wide effective absorption bandwidth (EBA = 6.2 GHz) at a filler loading of 20%, corresponding to the matching thickness of 2.2 mm. MCNFs can be an ideal candidate for new materials for microwave absorption and can further optimize the composition and structure of composite materials, exploring their potential applications in other fields.