Front-surface fabrication of moderate aspect ratio micro-channels in fused silica by single picosecond Gaussian–Bessel laser pulse

Single-shot Gaussian–Bessel laser beams of 1 ps pulse duration and of ~ 0.9 μm core size and ~ 60 μm depth of focus are used for drilling micro-channels on front side of fused silica in ambient condition. Channels ablated at different pulse energies are fully characterized by AFM and post-processing polishing procedures. We identify experimental energy conditions (typically 1.5 µJ) suitable to fabricate non-tapered channels with mean diameter of ~ 1.2 µm and length of ~ 40 μm while maintaining an utmost quality of the front opening of the channels. In addition, by further applying accurate post-polishing procedure, channels with high surface quality and moderate aspect ratio down to a few units are accessible, which would find interest in the surface micro-structuring of materials, with perspective of further scalability to meta-material specifications.