Finite element simulation of impacting behavior of particles in cold spraying by Eulerian approach

In this study, an investigation on the impacting behavior of cold-sprayed particles using the Eulerian formulation available in ABAQUS/Explicit was conducted with typical copper material. The results show that a jet cannot be formed at an impact velocity less than about 290 m/s, while a continuous jet composed of both particle and substrate materials begins to initially form at about 290 m/s and a maximum equivalent plastic strain plateau can be found, which could be the approximate critical velocity. In addition, the jet presents discontinuities and the splashing causes the loss of material as the impact velocity exceeds the velocity extent of 290-400 m/s. Therefore, through theoretical analysis of the jet morphology, the Eulerian model could provide a prediction of the critical velocity.