Enhancing Secrecy Energy Efficiency in UAV-RIS Assisted Mobile IoV Networks Through DRL

To address the challenges of information leakage, low energy efficiency, and the Doppler effect in mobile Internet of Vehicles (IoV), this paper proposes an enhanced IoV cooperation framework, where privacy information is forwarded by the untrusted relay assisted by uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which can improve security and energy efficiency. To meet the requirements of green communication, we formulate a secrecy energy efficiency maximization problem by jointly optimizing the transmit power allocation, the relay’s amplification factor, the two-hop RIS phase shift matrices, and the UAV trajectory. Given the non-convex nature of this problem, we introduce an iterative algorithm based on the convex-concave procedure and Dinkelbach’s method to optimize the transmit power and amplification factor. Additionally, we conceive the majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm to optimize the two-hop RIS phase shift matrices, and a designed firefly algorithm-deep deterministic policy gradient (FA-DDPG) algorithm is proposed to obtain the UAV trajectory. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in enhancing secrecy energy efficiency. Specifically, compared to the DDPG-only and FA-based schemes, the proposed scheme achieves an improvement of 33.3% and 64.2%, respectively, in secrecy energy efficiency.