Electrode Configuration Effects on Ignition Dynamics of Electronically Controlled Solid Propellants

Electronically controlled solid propellant (ECSP), a chemically reactive material regulated by electrical currents, achieves controlled ignition and flameout through threshold-exceeding current application. Upon electrical stimulation, ECSP undergoes decomposition and combustion, generating thermal energy that sustains propellant burning and thrust production. The system's capability for cyclic start-up/shutdown operations confers structural simplicity and precise thrust regulation upon engines, thereby enhancing both maneuverability and control accuracy in solid propulsion systems. While ECSP demonstrates significant developmental potential, its ignition and combustion mechanisms involve intricate electrochemical processes that differ fundamentally from conventional solid propellants. In this experimental investigation, we systematically examined electrode parameter influences on ECSP ignition dynamics. Our findings demonstrate that mesh electrode configurations promote enhanced ECSP combustion. Crucially, electrode material composition and polarity distribution were identified as critical determinants of ignition characteristics. Based on these observations, we developed a mechanistic framework elucidating electrode-mediated ignition processes and formulated a corresponding ignition model. This study contributes novel empirical data and physical interpretations to advance both fundamental research and engineering implementations of electronically controlled solid propellant technologies.