Dielectrically optimized Ni/CeO₂/CNT catalysts for low-power and stable microwave-assisted dry reforming of methane

The urgent need for cost-effective CO₂ utilization persists in current research to address escalating greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, Ni-based microwave-responsive catalysts were developed for microwave-assisted dry reforming of methane (MW-DRM). By precisely adjusting the structure of CeO₂/CNT nanocomposite, a conductive network was constructed, which synergistically enhances dielectric loss through electric dipole polarization and concurrently amplifies magnetic loss from Ni nanoparticles. Leveraging this exceptional microwave responsiveness, the catalyst achieved CO₂ and CH₄ conversion rates of 96.4 % and 90.1 % respectively, under a mild condition (microwave power = ~ 40 W and bulk temperature = 280 °C), maintaining stability over 50 h. These findings demonstrate the potential for efficient, stable syngas production at low microwave power and reaction temperatures, paving the way for a more energy-efficient CO₂ utilization process.