Beamforming with First-Order Linear Difference Equations

We all know from our own previous work and other works that pressure differences among microphones is another fundamental way to looking at beamforming, especially when sensors are close to each others. Conventional beamforming does not include this important information in its formulation and in an explicit way. Although, there are different manners to derive differential beamformers, none of the developed and available approaches do it in an elegant and systematic way. This is what we attempt to do in this chapter in the simplest case, which is based on first-order linear difference equations.