An importance measure based multi-state reliability and risk analysis for the subways

Subways are fundamental and important urban infrastructure that provides essential transport services for promoting the economic development and social stability. But due to many serious results of operation interruption and accidents, it has become increasingly important for risk management of subways to be targeted and proactively anticipated. Most of the risk assessment techniques available in the industry are the tools that consider only two states of operation for any system i.e. either working or failed. But such tools are unable to correctly identify the system high and low risk components. This is because in real world application, all the system’s components undergo an operational change from fully functioning to complete failure. And the overall system behaves differently in different states of components. Such a behavior is even more obvious when the system have numerous components.