A Review of Key Technologies for Low-Cost Aviation Power Batteries

Power batteries, a critical technological component in the aviation industry, are increasingly significant due to ongoing innovation and the shift towards sustainability. The creation of cost-effective power batteries is essential not only for reducing the manufacturing costs of electric aircraft and enhancing market competitiveness but also for encouraging the broad commercial adoption of green aviation. A thorough examination of battery systems indicates that performance metrics such as energy density, rate capability, cycle life, and safety cannot be simultaneously optimized, requiring compromises. Currently, the main technical strategies for developing economical power batteries include material optimization, process and structural advancements, and battery recycling with cascaded use. This review first outlines cost-reducing technologies related to cathode materials, anode materials, electrolytes, and separators. It then presents system integration optimization methods and improvements in packaging processes. The discourse progresses to discuss battery recycling procedures and cascaded use techniques. Lastly, the appropriateness of using vehicular power batteries in aviation is evaluated, and the technical challenges and future trends of affordable aviation power batteries are underscored.