A PMP Energy Management Strategy based on State Switching for a Fuel Cell UAV

A reasonably designed energy management strategy can guarantee the stable and efficient operation of fuel cell UAV. The Pontryagin's Minimal Principle (PMP)-based strategies are usually used to solve the problem of reducing system hydrogen consumption system. The conventional PMP strategies may fail to maintain optimal performance when system operating conditions change. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a PMP energy management strategy based on state switching (S-PMP). The comorphic variable of the PMP can be adjusted actively according to the SOC of the battery. When the SOC of battery lower than the threshold, the algorithm adjusts the comorphic variable through the deviation between the real-time collected SOC and the expected value of the SOC. When the SOC of battery higher than the threshold, the algorithm adjusts the comorphic variable by the deviation of the load power and the battery power. The simulation results show that the proposed S-PMP algorithm can effectively reduce the consumption of hydrogen, maintain the SOC of the battery, and improve the operating efficiency of the fuel cell system under different operating conditions of the system.