A novel carbon-coated Ga₂S₃ anode material derived from post-synthesis modified MOF for high performance lithium ion and sodium ion batteries

Metal sulfides are widely used in lithium-ion batteries (LIB) and sodium-ion batteries (SIB) due to their large specific capacity and superior electrochemical performance. In addition, metal gallium (Ga) is regarded as a promising self-healing anode material for LIBs and SIBs. In this paper, we combine the two side to efficiently synthesize the carbon-coated Ga₂S₃ by vacuum sealing heat treatment based on the novel metal-organic frameworks (Ga-MOF). The carbon skeleton inherited from the Ga-MOF precursor can limit the volume expansion of Ga₂S₃ during cycling. In addition, the modification of Ga-MOF, employing organic ligands (BTC) to replace solvent sites in MOF clusters, is not only carried out to enhance the mechanical properties of the carbon framework, but also to further improve the conductivity of the Ga₂S₃/C material. In particular, the post-synthetic modification MOF-derived Ga₂S₃/C (Ga₂S₃/C-PSM) material exhibits the excellent cyclability with a reversible capacity of 918 mAh g⁻¹ for LIB and a reversible capacity of 385 mAh g⁻¹ for SIB after 200 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g⁻¹, respectively. We believe that this work indicates a novel and efficient way to improve the electrochemical stability for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries.